Decolorizer.



PERCY ALBERT nor-ox, or new YORK, N. Y.,

ASSIGN'OR '10 CELITE PRODUCTS COMPANY,

OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A. CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA. 1

DECOLORIZER.

1,272,197, Specification ofLetters Patent.

No Drawing.

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, PERCY A. Bonox, a

I citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the-county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Decolorizer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description; I

My invention relates to a substance or mixture of substances of which calcined indecolorizer from infusorial earth by calcin- 'fullers earth is increased due to t ing it.

A further object ofthe invention is to and, in consequence, choke the filters. Furform a decolorizer of infusorial earth and fullers earth, whereby the eflicienc of the lie presence of the infusorial earth, as the infusorial earth, in addition to helping' to decolorize, increases or presents a larger surface of the fulliers earth to the substance to be decolorizen.

Another object of the invention is to produce a decolorizer in which a finer grade of fullers earth can be used without danger of clogging during the filtration.

I am well aware'that kieselguhr or infusorial earth has been utilized for decolorizing purposes, and there are contradictory opin- 3-'ions as to the decolorizing properties of -kieselguhr, as, for example, Okemikcr of 1891, S1603, states that pure kieselguhr will only filter and will not bleach. On the other hand, Hefters Technologz'e der Fette u'nd Ole Bamd I, 1906, page .660, contradicts that by stating that natural kieselguhr bleaches and deco orizes oils and fats, and that this is a well established fact; This, again is contradicted by Kern, see O'kemiske Revue, 1904,. page 51. From my personal experience in the matter I find that the decolorizin properties of kieselguhr depends consi erably on the character of the subject matter to be decolorized, its physical properties, temperature, agitation, and possibly of oxidation. kieselguhr does appreciably lighten the color of the oil and decolorize it but whether this is due to a mechanical, physical or chemical reactionwith the kieselguhr, it is impossible to say definitely.

I have found cases where H oils is determined by the physical nature of the material through which it is filtered.

Patented July 9, 1918. Application filed June '14,. 1917 Serial No. 174,725.

For instance, the matter of absorptionand of variation in porosity has been shown by Parsons in his bulletin on the action of fullers earth on oils to have great influence on the nature of the product. In other words, even withfullers earth the" physical condition of the filtering medium is recogized, independently of 1ts decolorizing ac-' I have found that calcined kieselguhr is a more eflicient decolorizer than ordinary kieselguhr. the tendency of the mass to agglomerate ther, it increases the resistance of, the particles of the kieselguhr and, therefore, resents a larger area for filtration; or, w en mixed with fullers earth it exposes the fullers earth so as to resent a larger surface of the fullers earth matter to be decolorized. I

Although calcined infusorial earth gives very satisfactory results for 'many oils, in the decolorizing of fatty acids the best results have been obtained with mixtures containing equal quantities byweight of calcined in usorial earth and fullers earth. For example, to decolorize stearic acid, for 14:00 gallons of same, a mixture containin 21 ounds of fullers earth and 21 poun s of Eieselguhr is mixed dry. It is then incorporated in the body of the stearic acid by a thorough mixing and heating the mass to a temperature of about 140 'F., and then the entire mass is forced through a filter press at about, sixty pounds pressure. The

clog the lfilters if used'alone, but in the mixture with the infusorial earth it can be usedwithout danger of clogging.

Although the best results are obta ned with a mixture containing equal quantities by weight of infusorial earth and fullers" earth, in certain cases the quantity of the fuller's earth by weight may be decreased to "be negligible or increased to exceed that of the kieselguhr. It may be remarked that the relativeproportions of the infusorial Furthermore it resists V/better to the actionof the fullersand fullers earths may depend on the vis- Icosity of the liquid to be treated and, there- ,fore, I do not Want to be limited to the specific ratio disclosed.

I claim:

1'. A' decolorizer including fullers and in fusorial earths. i v

2. A de'colorizer formed of infusorial and earths in equal proportions by Weight. v

' 3. A decolorizer in cluding fullers earth and calcined infusorial eart 4. .A decolorizer consisting of fullers earth and a calcined substance adapted to present a larger surface of the fullers earth andj'educe the chance of clogging by the fullers" earth.

5. -A decolorizing mixture containing calcined infusorial earth. 6. A decolorizer formed of fullers earth and a granular substance for diluting the fullers earth so as to present a larger area of the 'fullers earth a; the matter to be decolorized.

7. A decplorizer consisting of calcineda higher. grade than the kieselguhr, for

which the calcined kieselgu-hr forms a diluent.

, PERCY ALBERT BOECK. 

